Antequera 's fertile valley counts in its plain with villages that are mostly fenced by mountain chaines and crossed by rivers, springs or streams. Wide streets and stately houses dominate the urban structure of many of these villages. They are caressed with the fresh air of the surrounding poplar forests, olive-trees or pine groves and they can impossibly forget their folk myths. Like the one of the famous bandit called El Tempranilio who was killed in the village of Alameda by a former companion, El Barberiilo. This is the only secret to conserve the enchantment of the past. They have been forged during so many years as in some of these places, spread over the slopes of the protecting mountain chains, remains of the first prehistoric man were found. This legacy can still be admired in: the archaeological site of the Sierra de Camorra, next to Moliina, famous for its fine wines, and where we can find in addition ceramics and cave paintings that date back to the Neolithic Age; in the Camorra de Cuevas Altas, a place where human remains and prehistoric stone tools were discovered; in the burial grounds of Monte Caivario, the Cerros del Lagar of Viilanueva and Chapera, in the municipality of Casabermeja, or in the necropolis of Los Alcaides, in VilSanueva de tos Aicaides. It is not surprising that the Romans too lived in this country. They left as a legacy villas, press houses and mills in Viilanueva del Rosario; the mausoleum of the Cortijo de la Capuchina and the castle Capiruzon in Moliina, the pottery workshop of Cerro Alcaide, the ruins of the fountain of Las Parras and Cotonilla in Casabermeja. This last mentioned place is by the way better known for its actual cemetery that has been declared national monument because of the singular distribution of the buried bodies in a vertical position. Furthermore, we can see in Casabermeja rests of a Muslim wall and the tower called Torre Zambra, both remains of the civilisation of the Turkish Empire. Though, the best example for the Muslim dominion in Antequera is Archidona, former capital of the region called Rayya, which is equivalent now to the province of Malaga. Prove of it are the castle and its surrounding wall that were built on top of the rests of the roman fortress. The castle together with the imposing gorge right at the backside made of Archidona an impregnable place. However, and though many of these places have their origins in the Muslim or Roman culture, some of them had to wait for centuries until they were established as villages. The reason could be because they belonged to the extensive grounds of a noble family, like for example Viilanueva de Tapia whose owner was Pedro de Tapia in the 17th century, or because they were part of another municipal district, as happened with Moliina that belonged to Antequera. There are also examples of more bizarre origins: Viilanueva del Trabucco first sheltered old civilisations and was then deserted until the 18th century, when Charles III ordered to inhabit again the village with colonies of foreigners.